Indonesia, a vast archipelago of 235 million people, is prone to both natural and human-made disaster. Below are the organizations which take care of disaster management in Indonesia.
In certain cases, prevention could be carried out to avoid or to minimize the adverse impact of a disaster. Mitigation involve structural and non-structural measures undertaken with the aims of decreasing overall risk of a disaster. Structural measures refer to any physical construction, for instance, construction of hazard-resistant or protective infrastructure. Non- structural measures denotes policies, awareness, provision of information, participatory mechanisms and etc. In addition, preparedness which means to anticipate the occurence of disaster, require supports from the organization. For instance, space technology set up by the organization can help in hazard and risk mapping.
If there is forewarning, certain aspects of the response may take place even before the disaster. Unfortunately, the disaster is well-known for its unpredictability, speed and swiftness. When a disaster strikes, emergency response or acute medical response may play an important role. For example, medical professionals who do preservation of life and health to those injured victims can minimize the death toll in the disaster. If confronted by numerous patients simultaneously in a disaster situation, it is easy to become overwhelmed, even for an experienced disaster worker. Hence, medical personnel are accustomed to apply the concept of triage which involves providing the most help for as many as possible.
After a disaster, the recovery phase is crucial for the affected community and it could be a long term work to do. During this phase, actions taken aim to restore or improve the living conditions of the stricken community as well as to encourage necessary adjustments to reduce disaster risk. The recovery phase consists of rehabilitation and reconstruction. For instance, rehabilitation may involve scene withdrawal to ensure the operations of public services and community life run effectively. Whereas, reconstruction happens when the the condition of public services and community life is restored, or become even better than before the disaster. This recovery process may take place in the forms of physical, social, and economy.
Generally, disaster management refers to "the aggregate of all measures taken to reduce the likelihood of damage that will occur related to hazard(s) and to minimize the damage once an event is occurring or has occurred and to direct recovery from the damage." In conclusion, the phases of disaster management can be categorized based on the disaster cycle: before, during and after the disaster.
References:
References:
1) Lecture Note: by Dr Hendro Wartatmo :
Conceptual Framework of Disaster& Disaster Management
No comments:
Post a Comment